Kant

Kant believes that we are absolutely certain whether we are being honest or not even if we don't know the factual truth, i.e we know to the best of our ability and understanding. There is a moral universal law, an innate sense of intuition or understanding between right and wrong. A journalist might not always have the correct facts but should never intentionally lie either. Kant went as far as to say that it is better for the whole universe to collapse then for someone to lie. Utilitarians believe that someone might do something out of malicious spite but that if these actions result in some general good, it is morally acceptable, they are interested in the consequences of actions whilst Kant was interested in the action itself. A ghastly example; six people are starving, if they kill one and eat him, five live, which utilitarians could consider as advantageous in serving a greater number of people. If they made decisions according to Kantian theory they would all starve and die, I think it is all very well to survive, but having survived one still has to live with oneself and would this be possible if you knew you did something wrong? People cope with doing wrong by comparing their wrong to the wrongs of others which are greater or by justifying themselves.